Kya Mubahala Karna Jaaiz Hai?

Muhaddis e Asr Hafiz Zubair Ali Zai Rahimahullah se sawaal kiya gaya ki:

Kya Sahih ul Aqeedah musalmaano ka ahl e bid’at aur gumraahon se Mubahala karna jaaiz hai?

To unhon ne jawaab diya:

فَمَنْ حَاجَّكَ فِيهِ مِن بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَكَ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ فَقُلْ تَعَالَوْا نَدْعُ أَبْنَاءَنَا وَأَبْنَاءَكُمْ وَنِسَاءَنَا وَنِسَاءَكُمْ وَأَنفُسَنَا وَأَنفُسَكُمْ ثُمَّ نَبْتَهِلْ فَنَجْعَل لَّعْنَتَ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْكَاذِبِينَ​

Tarjumah: Phir Aap ke paas ilm aa jane ke baad jo shakhs jhagda kare to keh den: Aao! Hum apne bete bulayen aur tum apne, hum apni aurtein bulayen aur tum apni, aur hum apne ashkhaas bulayen aur tum apne ashkhaas bulaao phir hum Mubahala karen ke jhooton par Allah ki la’nat ho.

(Surah Aal e Imran, Surah No:3 Ayat No: 61)

Is Ayat e Kareemah ka shaan e nuzool yeh hai ke Rasoolullah ﷺ ke paas Najran se do Esaai: Aqib aur Syed aaye taaki Aap (ﷺ) se Mubahala karen. Un mein se ek ne doosre se kaha: Mubahala na karna, Allah ki Qasam! Agar woh Nabi huwa to hum Mubahale ke baad kabhi kaamyaabi mein nahi rahenge aur na hamari nasal baqi rahegi.

(Dekhiye Sahih Bukhari: 4380 ikhtisaar ke saath)

Abdullah bin Abbas Radhiallahu Anhu ne farmaya:

Agar woh log Nabi ﷺ se Mubahala karne ke liye bahar nikalte to wapsi par apne ghar waalon aur maal mein se kuch bhi na paate yani sab kuch tabah ho jaata.

(Tafseer Abdur Razzaq: 1/129 Hadees no: 411, is ki Sanad Sahih hai, Tafseer Ibn e Jareer At-Tabari: 3/212 is ki Sanad Sahih hai) Neez dekhiye Musnad Ahmed (1/248 Hadees no: 2225)

Mash-hoor Siqah Taba’ee Qatadah Rahimahullah ne farmaya:

Mujhe pata chala hai ke Nabi ﷺ ahl e Najran (ke Esaaiyon) se Mubahala karne ke liye nikle phir jab unhon (Esaaiyon) ne Aap ko dekha to dar gaye phir woh (Esaai Mubahale ke baghair hi) wapas chale gaye.

(Tafseer Abdur Razzaq: 1/129 Hadees no: 411, is ki Sanad Sahih hai, Tafseer Ibn e Jareer At-Tabari: 3/212, is ki Sanad Sahih hai)

Is Ayat ki tashreeh mein yeh bhi aaya hai ke Rasoolullah ﷺ ne Ali (bin Abi Talib), Fatima, Hasan aur Hussain (Radhiallahu Anhum) ko bulaya aur farmaya:

اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلِي​

Tarjumah: Aye Allah! Yeh mere ahal hain.

(Sahih Muslim: 2404)

In dalail se maloom huwa ke agar shar’ee zaroorat ho to Sahih ul Aqeedah (aur qabil e aitimaad, nek) musalmaano ka kuffar ke khilaaf Mubahala karna jaaiz hai.

Mubahala karne ka matlab yeh hai ke do fareeqon ka baaham jama ho kar Allah se dua karna ke aye Allah! Jo haqq par nahi aur jhoota hai use halaak kar de, tabah o barbaad kar de, us par la’nat bhej.

Irshad e Baari Ta’ala hai:

إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ​

Tarjumah: Allah to yeh iradah karta hai ke aye ahl e bait! Tum se paleedi (gandagi) ko door kar de.

(Surah Al-Ahzaab, Surah No: 33 Ayat No: 33)

Is ki tashreeh mein Abdullah bin Abbas Radhiallahu Anhuma ne farmaya:

نزلت في نساء النبي ﷺ خاصة​

Tarjumah: Yeh (Ayat) khaas taur par Nabi e Akram ﷺ ki biwiyon ke baare mein nazil hue.

Is riwayat ke Rawi Mash-hoor Siqah Taba’ee Ikrimah Rahimahullah ne farmaya:

من شاء باهلتُه أنها نزلت في أزواج النبي ﷺ​

Tarjumah: Jo chaahe main Mubahala karne ke liye tayyar hun ke yeh (Ayat) Nabi ﷺ ki azwaaj (biwiyon) ke baare mein nazil hue.

(Tafseer Ibn e Abi Tatim ba-hawala Tafseer Ibn e Kaseer: 5/169-170 is ki Sanad Hasan hai. Doosra Nuskha 11/153, Tareekh e Dimashq Li-Ibn e Asakir: 73/111 is ki Sanad Hasan hai, tarjumah umm ul Momineen Umm e Habeebah Rimla bint e Abi Sufyan Radhiallahu Anhuma. Main (Hafiz Zubair Ali Zai) kehta hun: Tareekh e Dimashq mein “Zaid An-Nahwi” hai jabki sahih “Yazeed An-Nahwi” hai)

Is Asar se maloom huwa ke agar shar’ee zaroorat ho to Sahih ul Aqeedah, nek aur qabil e aitimaad musalman ya musalmaano ka ahl e bid’at ya gumrahon aur kuffar ke khilaaf Mubahala karna jaaiz hai lekin yaad rahe ke sirf Nabi ﷺ ka Mubahala aisa hai ke muqable mein aane waale har shakhs ki tabahi aur barbadi yaqeeni hai, jabki ummatiyon ke Mubahale mein yeh baat nahi hoti lehaza behtar hai ke Mubahala na kiya jaaye.

Muhaddis Burhan-ud-Deen Al-Biqa’ee ne likha hai:

Hamare Ustaaz Hafiz Ibn e Hajar Al-Asqalani ka Ibn ul Ameen naam ke ek shakhs se Ibn e Arabi ke baare mein Mubahala huwa. Us aadmi ne kaha: Aye Allah! Agar Ibn e Arabi gumraahi par hai to tu mujh par la’nat farma.

Hafiz Ibn e Hajar ne kaha: Aye Allah! Agar Ibn e Arabi hidayat par hai to tu mujh par la’nat farma.

Woh shakhs us Mubahale ke kuch maheene baad raat ko andha ho kar mar gaya.

Yeh waqi’ah 797 Hijri ko Zul-Qa’da mein huwa tha aur Mubahala (taqreeban do maheene pehle) Ramadhan mein huwa tha.

(Tambeeh ul Ghabbi: 136-137, Ilmi maqalat: 2/470-471)

Khulasa e Tehqeeq

Jahan tak ho sake Mubahala se bachna chahiye aur fiqhi aur ijtihadi masail ki wajah se musalmaano ka aapas mein Mubahala karna jaaiz nahi hai balki dalail ke saath fareeq e mukhalif ko samjhaana chahiye aur agar bahut zaroorat ho to phir Kufr o Islam ke ikhtilaaf aur sareeh aur ijtima’ee aur Salaf e Saliheen ke muttafiqa aqeede par Sahih ul Aqeedah nek samajhdaar ashkhaas kattar mubtadi’een aur gumrahon ke khilaaf Mubahala kar sakte hain lekin yaad rahe ke qat’ee nateeja sirf Nabi ﷺ ke Mubahale ka hi tha, baqi ummatiyon ke Mubahale ka nateeja aur anjaam yaqeeni maloom nahi hai. Wallahu A’lam.

(Fatawa Ilimiyah Al-Ma’roof Tauzeeh ul Ahkaam: 2/71-74, Maahnaama Isha’at ul Hadees, Shumarah No: 70, Page No: 11-13)

Tehreer: Hafiz Zubair Alizai Rahimahullah

Romanised: Umar Asari​ (via romanquranohadees)

[Mahnama Al-Hadees, Shumara no.28, Safa no.11-13]