Maahe Muharram Ke Do Rozey

Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah Ansari (Radhi Allahu Anhu) se riwayath hai ke Rasoolullah (ﷺ) se Yaume Aashurah ke rozey ke baare mein daryaft kiya gaya tou Aap (ﷺ) ney farmaya:

يكفر السنة الماضية

"Ye guzishta saal ke gunhaon ka kaffarah ban jaata hai."

[Sahih Muslim:1162]

Sayyiduna Abdullah Bin Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) se riwayath hai ke jab Nabi-e-Kareem (ﷺ) madina tashreef laaye tou Aap (ﷺ) ney dekha ke yehoodi yaum-e-aashura ka rozey rakhtey hai, Aap (ﷺ) ney unse (rozey rakhne ki) wajah daryaaft ki tou unhune kahan: ye ek achchaa din hai, iss din Allah Ta'ala ney bani israeel ko unke dushman se najaat dilayee thi, Musa (Aalaihis Salaam) ney bhi is (din) ka roza rakkha tha, Nabi-e-Akram (ﷺ) ney farmaya: "Musa ke sath (munasibat ke etebaar se) main zyada haq rakhta hu." chunanche Aap (ﷺ) ney roza rakkha aur is ka hukm bhi diya.

[Sahih Bukhari:2004, Sahih Muslim:1130]

Jamhoor ke nazdeek yaum-e-aashura se muraad muharram ka daswan (10th) din hai dekhiye.(Sharah Sahih Muslim Nawawi [8/12])

Sayyiduna Abu Huraira (Radhi Allahu Anhu) se riwayath hai ke Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ney farmaya: "Ramazan ke baad afzal roze Allah ke mahiney muharram ka roza hai."

[Sahih Muslim:1163]

Ibtedaye Islam mein yaum-e-aashura ka roza farziyat ka darja rakhta tha, lekin jab ramazan ke rozey farz huwe tou aashure ki farziyat saqit ho gayee taham fazilat barqaraar hai.

YAHOODIYO KI MUKHALIFAT... Magar kaise?:

Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ney yaum-e-aashura ka roza rakha aur is ke rakhney ka hukum diya (tou Sahaba kraam (Radhi Allahu Anhum) ney arz kiya: Aye Allah ke Rasool! Ye Yahood wa nasara ki tazeem wa takreem ka din hai, Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ney farmaya:

فإذا كان العام المقبل إن شاء الله صمنا اليوم التاسع

"Aainda saal hum Inshaa' Allah 9 muharram ka roza rakkhege."

(Sahih Muslim:1134)

Qarayeen Akraam! Is silsiley mein taqriban teen mauqif ma'roof hai,hutarteebwar in teeno ko m'aa dalail naql karenge, phir Rajeh mauqif bhi wazeh karenge. (Inshaa' Allah)

1) Pehla Mauqif:

Sirf 9 Muharram ko roza rakha jayega, darj bala hadees bhi isi par daal hai, Neez iss hadees ke rawi Abdullah Bin Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) se jab aashure ke rozey se mutaliq pouchaa gaya tou unhune farmaya: "Jab tum muharram ka chand dekh lo tou din shumaar kartey raho aur 9th (nawwi) tareeq ko roza rakkho."

[Sahih Muslim:1133]

Ye mauqaf rakhney walo ka kehna hai ke marfoo hadees aur Sahabi ke qaul se ye ta'yun ho jaata hai ke roza sirf 9 muharram ka rakha jayega aur isse yahood ki mukhalifat bhi ho jayegee.

2) Dusra Mauqif:

Rosa 10 (dus) muharram ko rakhna chahiye, albatta yahoodiyo ki mukhalifat ki bina par 9 ya 11 muharram ka roza bhi milana chahiye aur in ki daleel darj zail hai: "Yaum-e-aashura ka roza rakkho aur yahoodiyo ki mukhalifat karo (lehaza) ek din pehle ya baad ka (bhi) roza rakkho."

[Musnad Ahmed 1/241 H:2145, Ibne Kuzaima:2095]

Lekin ye riwayath dawood bin ali ki wajah se zaeef hai, lehaza is riwayath se 10 aur 11 muharram ko roza rakhne ka istidlaal durust nahi, Taham 9 aur 10 ki wazahat teesre mauqif mein aarahi hai.

3) Teesra Mauqif:

9 aur 10 muharram ke do rozey rakhna mustahab hai aur in ke dalail darj zail hai:

• Sayyiduna Jaber Bin Samurah (Radhi Allahu Anhu) se riwayath hai ke Rasoolullah (ﷺ) hamein aashure ke rozey ka hukm detey, iss ki targheeb detey aur is ka (khoob) ehtemaam farmatey, Jab ramazan (ka roza) farz kar diya gaya tou na Aap ney humein is ka hukm diya, Na mana kiya aur Na iss ka (khaas) ahtemaam kiya."

  [Sahih Muslim 1128]

  Hasan Basri (Rahimahullah) ney farmaya:

  عاشوراء یوم العاشر

  "Aashura (Muharram ka) daswan (10th) din hai." (Musannaf Ibne Abi Shaibah 3/59 Wa Sanaduhu Sahih) Aur Jamhoor ke nazdeek bhi yehi musallam hai, jaisa ke guzar chuka hai.

  Jab ye wazeh ho gaya ke aashura 10 muharram hai tou darj bala hadees se ye samhjna mushkil nahi ke Nabi-e-Kareem (ﷺ) ney 10 muharram, yani yaum-e-aashura ke rozey se kabhi mana nahi farmaya, lehaza iss ki mumani'at par mehaz adm se istidlaal durust nahi hai, Agar koi kahe ke Abdullah Bin Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) ney 9 muharram ko bhi aashura qaraar diya hai tou ye sirf aashure (10 muharram) se nisbat ki bina par kaha hai,kyunke ke wo 9 aur 10 muharram ke roze ke qail hai, jaisa ke aage aaraha hai.

• Sayyiduna Muaawiya (Radhi Allahu Anhu) (apne daur-e-khilafat mein) madina aaye tou inhune aashure ke din kutba diya, phir farmaya: tumhare ulama kahan hai? Aye Madine walo! maine Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ko suna, Aap iss din ke bareme farma rahe they: "Ye aashure ka din hai, Allah Ta'ala ney iss din ka tum par roza farz nahi kiya (lekin) main rozey se hu, lehaza tum mein se jo chahe wo roza rakh ley aur jo chahe wo na rakkhe." [Sahih Muslim:1129] Sayyiduna Muaawiya (Radhi Allahu Anhu) ka Nabi-e-Kareem (ﷺ) ki wafaat ke baad aashure ke rozey se mutalliq logon ko aagah karna, is amr ki daleel hai ke Ahd-e-sahaba mein bhi 10 muharram ka roza mashroo tha aur ye maloom hai ke Nabi-e-Kareem(ﷺ) ney aashura [10 muharram hi) ko roza rakkha tha.

• Yaume Aashura ke rozey se mutalliq Sayyiduna Abdullah Bin Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) ney farmaya:

  خالفوا الیهود وصوموا التاسع والعاشر

  "Yani Yahood ki mukhalifat karo aur 9-10 (muharram ko) roza rakho."

  (Al-Sunan Al-Kubra Lil Baihaqi 4/287, Musannaf Abdul Razzaq:7869 Wa Sanaduhu Sahih)

Sayyiduna Abdullah Bin Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) ke fatwa se darj zail umoor ka pata chalta hai:

• Aap ke nazdeek aashura sirf 9 muharram Nahi balke 9 aur 10 Muharram hai aur iss ki wajah tasmiyah hum bayaan kar chuke hai.
• 10 muharram ka roza mashroo wa masnoon hai.
• Yahood ki mukhalifat karne ki garz se 9 muharram ka roza bhi mashroo hai.
• Abdullah Bin Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) se marwi baaz riwayaath mein aur aap ke apne ek qaoul mein sirf 9 muharram ka zikr hai, jab ke darj bala qaul mein 9 aur 10 dono ka zikr hai, lehaza isi qaul par fatwa wa amal hoga, kyun ke adm zikr nafi zikr ko mustalzim nahi aur adme zikr se istidlal ahle ilm ko layeq nahi.
• Sayyiduna Abdullah Bin Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) se hi riwayath hai ke Rasoolullah (ﷺ) ney farmaya: "Agar aainda saal tak zindagi huwi tou main Inshaa' Allah 9 muharram ko roza rakhuga, iss andeshey ke paish-e-nazar ke mujh se yaum-e-aashura (ke roze ki fazilat) Na reh jaaye."
  (Maujam Al Kabeer Lit Tabrani: 10817 Wa Sanaduhu Hasan)

Iss hadees se jahan ye maloom huwa ke yaum-e-aashura 10 muharram hai wahan yaum-e-aashura ke roze ki fazilat wa ahmiyath bhi wazeh hai.

Ek Ajeeb Aiteraaz:

Baaz hazraat ye aiteraaz kartey hai ke jab 10 muharram ka roza rakh liya, phir yahood ki mukhalifat tou Na huwi, lehaza sirey se 10 muharram ka roza hi Na rakkha jaye.

Wazeh nusoos ke muaqabley mein is aiteraaz ki koi haisiyat nahi lekin hum ek pehlu se iss ka izalah karne ko koshis kartey hai.

Nabi-e-Kareem (ﷺ) ney sirf haftey ke din roza rakhney se mana kiya hai. (Sunan Abi Dawood:2421 Wa Sanaduhu Hasan)

Imam Tirmizi (Rahimahullah) mumaniath ki wajhe ye bayaan kartey hai:

لان یهود یعظمون یوم السبت

"Kyunke yahood haftey ke din ki ta'zeem kartey hai."

[Sunan Tirmizi:744]

lekin agar haftey ke sath itwaar ka roza bhi rakh liya jaye tou ye jaiz hai. [Dekhiye Sahih Ibne Kuzaima, qabl hadees:2167] Wazeh rahe ke 10 muharram ka roza na rakh kar yahood ki mukhalifat murad nahi balke 10 ke sath 9 muharram ka bhi roza rakh kar mukhalifat sabit hogi.

Rajeh Mauqif:

Pehle mauqif mein mazkoor Ahadees aur teesre mauqif ke dalail ki roo se hummare nazdeek rajeh yahi hai ke 9 aur 10 muharram ka roza mustahab wa masnoon hai.

Tehreer: Hafiz Nadeem Zaheer Hafidahullah.

Romanised: romanquranohadees

[Mahnama Al-Hadees, Shumara no.123, Safa no.26-30]